What is the Ryder Cup format? Understanding foursomes, fourball and match-play scoring

The 45th edition of the Ryder Cup will be contested Sept. 27-29 on the Black Course at Bethpage State Park in Farmingdale, New York.

A team of 12 players from the United States will take on a team of 12 European-born players in the men’s premiere team event.

The sides will compete over three days, playing two team match-play sessions on both Friday and Saturday and one individual session on Sunday.

The first two days will consist of both foursomes and fourball, with four matches in each session. The home team (U.S.) decides the order each of those two days. On the final day, all 12 team members will compete in singles matches. The Americans, led by captain Keegan Bradley, opted to lead with foursomes.

2025 Ryder Cup schedule of play

• Friday morning: Foursomes (4 matches)
• Friday afternoon: Fourball (4 matches)
• Saturday morning: Foursomes (4 matches)
• Saturday afternoon: Fourball (4 matches)
• Sunday: Singles (12 matches)

What are foursomes and fourball? How does Ryder Cup scoring work?

Foursomes is known less formally as alternate shot. The U.S. will send out four teams of two players. Europe will blindly do the same (neither side knows the other’s teams or where they will be slotted, until the reveal).

In foursomes, each team designates who will tee off on odd-numbered holes and who will tee off on even holes. For example: Player 1 of the U.S. will tee off on No. 1 and then Player 2 of the U.S. will hit the second shot on that hole. They will alternate turns until the hole is completed. Player 2 will then tee off on No. 2 (regardless of who hit the last shot on the previous hole) and they will alternate accordingly.

In fourball, known also as better ball, the two U.S. players will play their own ball on each hole, while the European players will do the same. If one player makes a lower score than the two others on the opposing team, his side wins that hole. For example: if a European player makes a birdie at the first and the two Americans make par, Europe wins the hole and goes 1 up.

This will continue until a team has won more holes than there are remaining to play. So, if Europe wins the 15th hole to go 4 up, then it wins that match, 4 and 3, because only three holes are left, giving the U.S. no chance to win or tie.

That’s the difference between match play and stroke play. In match play, winning holes is the objective, regardless of score. If a player makes a bogey, but no one does better, then bogey wins the hole. Stroke play aggregates the score and the player/team with the least number of total shots at the end of the round wins.

A win in each match is worth 1 point. A tie is worth a half-point (no extra holes). With 28 points up for grabs, whichever team reaches 14 ½ (or more) will claim the cup. If the competition ends in a 14-14 tie, the defending champion (Europe) will retain the cup.

As noted, there are only four matches per team session, so the captains must choose which four players they want to sit each time. In singles, all 12 compete in one-on-one matches.